In India, presently the total installed capacity of 37 0GW (central electricity authority (CEA) as of 30-03-2020), the highest share of fossil fuel-based energy generation approx. 62% (230.6 GW) [1]. Fossil fuel-based electricity generation is polluting in nature which has several negative impacts on humans and other forms of lives on earth. Some of those pollutants are SO_2 and NO_x, particulate matter (PM), and Hg [2]. In many, reports suggest that excessive exposure to these pollutants has life-threatening consequences [3], mostly respiratory type of diseases, etc. [3]. On the other hand, life without electricity is not imaginable, so for better development of clean and green energy, a shift is toward renewable energy sources. Scientists and policy makers around the globe are now shifting toward renewable energy sources, as an answer to this emergency with special emphasis on solar energy, in India sun radiation is most abundantly available energy source [4] which is renewable in nature and as moving toward technology revolutions such that using resources provided by mother earth. But without making judicious utilization of resources, it leads to depleting natural resources and abundant loss in environmental and ecological balance. As to move toward a technological revolution in balance with nature, it is beneficial overall by using material wisely and with the concept of sustainable development [5]. This document discusses the effective utilization of PV module and discusses about multiple maximum power points (MPPs) which are introduced due to partial shading and effects. [6-8]. To elaborate further, some are global and local maximum power points which makes it difficult for conventional algorithm to trace global maximum power point (GMPP). Thus, if it got stuck in local maximum power point (LMPP), it becomes difficult to retrieve it out of that zone. The output of the module is influenced mainly by the change in levels of irradiance, operating temperatures, or even shading many linked aspects and performance get impacted [9, 10]. Lots of improvements are required in MPP tracing conventional algorithms [11, 12]. Hence, the process of advance algorithms requires lots of data, which leads to making process bulky. Thus, system requires a heavier processing power which the conventional system is not able to handle, such that the system becomes more costlier and sophisticated to give reliable and stable output [8, 13, 14]. Several other parameters such as dust amassing on module and temperature intensification of module due to solar heating and hotspot creation also lead to bargain with efficiency [9]. To deal with such a situation, we have to make alterations in algorithms as well as circuit topologies to gain maximum power output [15]. And to trace such conditions, we can go by parameters such as form factor (FF), mismatching power loss (AL), and efficiency [16].
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