Is PAD Worth It? Costs, Benefits, and Lessons Learned from the First PAD Retrofit in the US

摘要

Constant, low air operation of the City of Boulder's PAD process has been beneficial, avoiding blower instability and helping balance the process pH. Constant digestate feed is also important to keeping the process at optimum performance. OPEX costs of increased aeration energy and increased staff time are in part offset by decreased external carbon dosing, struvite mitigation, and consistent effluent nitrogen performance.