Several types of ancient soil zones are present in the reservoirs of the Hamaca Development Area,Orinoco Heavy Oil Belt of Venezuela.It is important to recognize these paleosoils when drilling production wells and when constructing reservoir simulation models.The major reservoir sands were deposited in fluvial and fluviotidal channel systems in Miocene strata that rest directly on Precambrian basement.A thick weathered regolith is locally present on basement.It is composed mostly of etched quartz and kaolinite,and in places bears the structure of the antecedent crystalline rocks.
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