Ghana

摘要

The exact date that agricultural extension began in Ghana (known as the Gold Coast before Independence) is not known, but it is believed that extension activities in one form or another have existed for about ten-and-a-half decades, beginning about the same time as agricultural research in Ghana. What is certainly clear and true, however, is that agricultural extension has gone through several processes of change in response to various government policy directions and farmers' demands for technical expertise. Following on export-crop oriented extension, which characterized the pre-Independence period, collectivized agricultural extension was instituted by the early post-Independence state. After the 1966 change of government, a multidepartmental approach to agricultural extension prevailed, punctuated here and there with various commodity and regionally centered extension interventions. Realizing the harm that the multitude of extension interventions had caused to farmers and agricultural development in general, the government decided to rationalize the extension system of Ghana in terms of structural changes, appropriate technological delivery, training, and rational linkages with research and support services.