In this paper a comprehensive finite element analysis of Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) is presented. EMAT is an emerging technology that provides a non contact process of testing materials compared to Ultrasonic Testing (UT) technique that requires a coupling medium. The EMAT phenomenon can be particularly useful in rail, pipeline and Aerospace industry for thickness measurements and defect detection in conductive materials. The Lorentz force and the effect of varying the EMAT parameters such as lift off. was investigated to show the effects it has on the performance of EMAT. The accuracy of the numerical method was further investigated by firstly decreasing the triangular mesh and varying the time steps to determine the convergence of the displacement, which will ensure the convergence of all other physical quantities. Additionally, the wave propagation in a conductive material is investigated, which involves the coupling of several physical parameters, which includes mechanical and electromagnetic properties. This leads to the investigation of defect detection in an Aluminium material. Results obtained shows the model is capable of detecting the depth, width and location of the surface defect using the mechanical displacement amplitude.
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