Ischemic stroke results from the interruption of focal cerebral blood flow due to thrombotic occlusion, and accounts for approximately 87% of all stroke cases. To date, intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV r-tPA) and mechanical re-canalization remain the only approved treatment modes. These treatments are targeted at restoring blood flow to the damaged tissue, which if performed too late risks creating a hemorrhage. As a result the risk benefit profile is only favorable within a narrow time frame, up to 4-5 hours from stroke onset for IV r-tPA and up to 8 hours for re-canalization devices . Consequently, only 1.6% to 6.3% of all ischemic strokes patients receive these treatments.
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