ATC Runway Incursion Devices and Memory Aids - A Systems Approach

摘要

The prevention of runway incursions is one of the FAA's and industry highest priorities. The risk of surface incidents and/or collisions between aircraft in the runway environment is a constant at all airports regardless of complexity. The FAA and industry over the past several years have developed situational awareness tools for pilots to ensure they are aware of their proximity to the runway environment. The FAA is also introducing runway incursion reduction systems in airport traffic control tower's (ATCT) that qualify due to complexity and traffic. The systems, the Airport Surface Detection Equipment (ASDE) and Airport Movement Area Safety System (AMASS), provide surface movement information and aural and visual alerts for potential runway incursions to controllers at the thirty-five busiest airports. However, there are over 490 ATCT's in the National Airspace System, which leaves approximately 93% of the nations ATCT's without these capabilities. Airport traffic managers (ATM) have a number of directives (National and Regional) which require them to have situational awareness tools in place in the effort to prevent runway incursions caused by controllers, such as automated equipment, memory aids, additional and operational positions all to alert the controller of hazards on the runway surface. However, there is not a national standard or common toolset for the manager's to base their decisions.