Recent Enhancements for 3D Seismic Interpretation: Visualization, Image Processing and Attribute Analysis

摘要

3D seismic is becoming the standard tool for both exploration and production stages of development. To meet the increasing demands, new ways are being developed to quickly extract and analyze all the information contained in the 3D seismic data. Methods now exist to view large 3D seismic volumes and quickly generate interpretations on key horizons. In addition, potential prospect size hydrocarbon volumes within the larger seismic dataset can be quickly identified for further analysis. Tools are also available to enhance surface resolution using image processing on prospective horizons. After volume and surface visualization is complete, mathematical waveform attributes are extracted from the key seismic horizons for statistical correlation to physical rock properties important to prospect success. These physical properties may include a wide range of reservoir parameters such as porosity or thickness. These interpretation techniques were used to evaluate a 3D survey at Fortescue Field (Gippsland Basin, Australia) before starting a 13 well infill drilling program in 1994. Drilling results indicate these interpretation methods were successful in three ways. First, new drilling locations were found that were not previously identified using more conventional methods. Second, identified drilling locations were more precisely positioned to maximize economic benefit. Third, the risk associated with each drill location was reduced allowing otherwise unattractive wells to be drilled. After 8 drill wells, the average error in reservoir thickness prediction was 0.43 meters.