Spatial cluster restructuring sensor nodes for efficient data gathering to increase wireless sensor network lifetime

摘要

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is composed of high density sensor nodes randomly deployed to monitor a specific phenomenon. Due to high density the data sensed by these nodes is highly redundant and spatially correlated. Sensor node is usually battery operated. Hence, power conservation takes on additional importance. Traditional deployment for WSN is self organizing neighboring discovery on randomly located sensor nodes. A well designed topology can optimize energy consumption and prolong network lifetime. In literature many different types of schemes for optimization of both structured and non-structured deployment are proposed. In this work we formulate the problem of increasing the network lifetime as a construction problem, by deploying a topology that can effectively cover the required area and provide high reliability in terms of coverage and connectivity and at the same time keep a minimum number of sensor nodes in the active state, within a densely populated sensor node network. This work is a fusion of both structured and non-structured deployment scheme, wherein the sensor nodes are randomly deployed and the ideal location of the node is pre-calculated by the base station. We aim to achieve an increase in lifetime of WSN along with coverage and connectivity by node restructuring hexagonal geometry. The requirement of power conservation in the network is satisfied by minimizing the number of working sensors, since each sensor consumes same amount of power and has the same sensing range. We conclude that lesser the number of working nodes more is the power saving and increase in the network lifetime.