Genetics, obesity, and mechanical loading conditions such as trauma can increase the risk of development of OA. Posttraumatic OA, or OA resulting from trauma, is thought to account for 12% of all patients exhibiting OA. A number of injuries can lead to posttraumatic OA, but it is most commonly seen following sports injuries where anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscal injuries have occurred. In order to study the chronic advancement of OA following a traumatic injury, numerous in vivo animal models have used a surgical transection method to mimic damage to injured joints. However, ACL rupture is often times the result of large compressive loads, which are not accounted for in the surgical transection model (ACLT). While the ACLT model has shown that injuries to the ACL can lead to OA, occult damage to surrounding structures as a result of compressive loading during trauma is not typically addressed.
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