Anticipating the seismic performance of a structure is important in moderate to high seismic hazard regions. Knowledge of probable earthquake locations and strengths are used to determine the possible consequences to a structure based on performance. One area of performance-based earthquake engineering that is relatively under-developed is the incorporation of aftershocks for calculating the performance of a structure. In 2011, the earthquakes of Japan and New Zealand have shown aftershocks can be of significant strength and impact. In this paper, the impact of mainshocks and aftershocks on the damage accumulation of a reinforced concrete (RC) structure is investigated. Different return period seismic hazards are generated from past earthquake event records to test the structure's performance. A seven story RC structure is modeled in OpenSees software and subject to mainshocks and aftershocks based on the seismic hazard. The analysis software allows the structure behaviour to be evaluated continuously throughout the simulation. Two damage indices are used to quantify the cumulative damage from the mainshock and aftershock earthquakes. The impact of aftershock events on structural performance is discussed.
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