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Augmented Echo State Networks with a feature layer and a nonlinear readout

机译:具有特征层和非线性读数的增强回波状态网络

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Echo State Networks (ESNs) are an alternative to fully trained Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) showing State of the Art performance when applied to time series prediction. However, they have seldom been applied to abstract tasks and in the case of language modeling they require a number of units far superior to traditional RNNs in order to achieve similar performance. In this paper we propose a novel architecture by extending a conventional Echo State Network with a pre-recurrent feature layer and a nonlinear readout. The features are learned in a supervised way using a computationally cheap version of gradient descent and automatically capture grammatical similarity between words. They modifiy the dynamic of the network in a way that allows it to significantly outperform an ESN alone. The addition of a nonlinear readout is also investigated making the global system similar to a feed forward network with a memory layer.
机译:回声状态网络(ESN)是经过全面训练的递归神经网络(RNN)的替代产品,在将神经网络应用于时间序列预测时可显示出最先进的性能。但是,它们很少应用于抽象任务,并且在语言建模的情况下,它们需要大量优于传统RNN的单元才能实现类似的性能。在本文中,我们通过扩展具有预递归特征层和非线性读数的常规回波状态网络,提出了一种新颖的体系结构。使用梯度下降的计算廉价版本以监督方式学习特征,并自动捕获单词之间的语法相似性。他们以某种方式修改网络的动态性,使其能够明显胜过ESN。还研究了非线性读数的增加,使全局系统类似于具有存储层的前馈网络。

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