Nano-structure and phase transitions in the liquid phase of metallic and non-metallic elements

摘要

The generally accepted model of the liquid phase is that of a single "homogeneous" phase, with a structure which is more or less homogeneous throughout the pressure-temperature field in which it is the stable phase. Herein we present data in the liquid state to argue that the liquid of any composition exists in several differently structured nano-phases. The local configurational variations that specify what can broadly be called a "phase" in the liquid include local coordination number, bond angle, coordination sphere and bond length.The elements that are studied herein include: Hg, Bi, Sn, S, Se, Te. The understanding of nano-phases in the liquid state can be a precursor to quenching persistently metastable solid phases which may have promise for applications in biotechnology.