Abstract: In this paper, the principles of light propagation in tissue and techniques for measuring the optical parameters of tissues are briefly described. A new approach to measure optical parameters has been developed. We combine the solution of the diffusion theory with a result of Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the optical parameters of several mammalian tissue. This indirect approach might be used to determine the optical properties of human tissue. In addition, we also believe that the refractive index of bio- tissue is another important optical parameter in tissue optics. Recently, we have developed a new simple method based on total-internal-reflection to measure the refractive index of tissue. The main advantages of the method are its elimination of multiscattering effects, suitability to a small sample, and excellent accuracy of measurement. The refractive indices of skin from people of different age, sex and skin color in vivo was recently measured. We believe that it is the first set of data of index of refraction of human tissue in vivo. !8
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