REMOTELY SENSED URBAN COMPACTNESS INDEX OF ULAANBAATAR (MONGOLIA) AND TONG LIAO (INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA)

摘要

Urban area expansion and land use change arc mostly direct and indirect result of the driving force of economic and social changes in country or region. There arc no significant places like Mongolia and China, where unexpected rate of urban expansion has occurred over the 50 years. Urban expansion generally leads to an increase in motorized transport, air, water and noise pollution, energy consumption, a loss of agricultural land and a reduction of biodiversity. Information on existing urban sprawl metrics and the course of land use change is essential for urban planning as a "crucial clue". Through the example of remote sensing data measurements in Ulaanbaatar and Tong Liao city footprint, this paper will illustrate how urban compactness metrics and Landsat and BlackBridgc satellite imagery could be used effectively on urban planning strategy. Remote sensing method changes urban analysis more convenient and their results more vivid than early manual conventional measurements. Urban footprint total area and compactness index (C index) were identified, based on urban map layers with had been extracted from satellite imagery over the period from 2000-2010. In addition, previously processed on-site survey data had been used for more precise delineation of built of area, with arc scries of cadastral map and time scries land use planning data's in National Land Information Database. Compared analysis of cities represents forms and structural changes of the urban expansion between 2000-2010 in Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia) and Tong Liao (Inner Mongolia, PRC) whereas, unplanned city compared to strict planned one. Calculated C index analyzed by combining two terms of urban external shape, urban morphology to be implicit thematic urban shape and structure changes. The compactness index is broadly accepted application of urban study particularly in urban sprawl and we use it like as a significant method. The urban shape of Ulaanbaatar is relatively not compact and leap frog and strip development is main reason to it. The C index of Tong Liao has been increasing slowly and the parameter characteristics of territory boundary arc relatively compact and regular, which suggests that strict planning and land administration avoids negative urban expansion. Study has demonstrated that the GIS analysis with the compactness metrics have a good assistance to comprehend urban land use evolution and obviously support future urban development plan. urban geography; urban sprawl metrics; area perimeter ratio index