DROUGHT MONITORING USING OPEN SOURCE REMOTE SENSING DATASETS

摘要

Droughts are more complicated phenomena occurs due to the lack of moisture. It has very harsh effect on the society's economy and livelihood. There are three types of drought viz. Agriculture, Hydrological and Meteorological. The occurrences of different droughts are depending upon different parameter but all are highly correlated. Agriculture drought occur when soil moisture decreases which cause serious impact on the crop's health and its productivity. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), Land surface temperature (LST) and Soil moistures are different parameter used to study of drought, NDVI is used for monitor changes in vegetation whereas LST indicates about temperature of the different land's surface. Soil moisture one of the most valuable factor which indicate drought. In this study NDVI and LST calculated from Landsat dataset and soil moisture from AMSRE product, is used. The data was calibrated to standard pixel value and resampled in a homogeneous resolution. This study is conducted over the Indian state Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh because of dependencies on agricultural activities and suffering from water unavailability which makes highly affected from drought. According to statistical correlation between different indicators visualizing toward the droughts in different parts of the state, and it is varying from year 2001 to 2016. South eastern part of Maharashtra getting higher LST whereas vegetation index and soil moisture is Low. The R~2 of LST and NDVI is more than 0.6 whereas NDVI and soil moisture index is > 0.7.