THE NATURAL DISASTER PREVENTIONS IN JAPAN USING GIS TECHNOLOGIES

摘要

Japan has been damaged by a number of natural disasters because national land surrounded by the sea and steep mountain areas are widely distributed. Especially in the mountain area, the rapid or slow landslides and debris flows happen frequently during rainy season. Therefore, there is an urgent need to grasp of the dangerous area and soft measures. As one of the soft measures, the investigations of hazard areas are being carried out actively in some parts of Japan. On the other hand, it is difficult for most parts to investigate and apply the hard measures completely because the number of hazard area is extremely huge. Based on this background, it is important to judge the priority in investigations of hazard areas. In order to solve this problem, in this study, high-risk hazard areas are extracted and identified the priority in surveys by using GIS. The factors used for identifying the priority are, namely, terrain, land use, geographical conditions of houses and the positional relationships between the hazard area and roads. In the future, the accurate hazard prediction of natural disasters will be needed because the rainfall has become heavier in Japan with the global climate changes. So, we will use GIS in the prediction on real time of the hazard by using additional weather datasets. In addition, it is available to be applied to predict the other natural disasters, such as floods and storm surge.