The evolution of Cyber-physical Systems and their often critical roles in many application domains such as automotive, aeronautics, energy, and railway make it necessary to address safety and security issues equally throughout the entire system lifecycle. In the past, safety and security development has been mostly performed independently. With increasing complexity and connectivity, this separation is no longer justifiable. This paper proposes a combined safety and security development lifecycle. We review existing standards in order to identify safety and security core activities. Based on the results, a combined lifecycle is introduced that integrates both safety and security considerations and activities in a coordinated way. Finally the feasibility of the approach is demonstrated by case studies.
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