The future exploration scenarios discussed by the major spacefaring countries within the International Space Exploration Coordination Group (ISECG) are focus at the identification of shared exploration objectives and at the definition of a coordinated framework for expanding the human presence beyond the Low Earth Orbit. The intention is to define a Global Exploration Roadmap (GER) that takes into account the different players' interests and capabilities to provide both independent contributions and/or participation in cooperation with other actors. To this end, it is essential to identify the potential European Contributions to an International Exploration Scenario in terms of strategic Building Block Elements (BBEs) and products, and the associated enabling technologies that can allow their proper development. As a result of the investigations of the Scenario Studies for Human Spaceflight and Exploration, a reference European Roadmap with 'cornerstones' and 'core' products has been identified. The assessment of the required technologies for those products shows that most of them are available or presently under development in Europe, but some of them are identified to be critical with respect to their Technology Readiness Level (TRL) as needed for the intended missions. The low-TRL technologies will have to undergo detailed technology development programs to reach at least a TRL-5 level, to implement the technology into project development activities reducing the risks (fiinctionality, performance, cost and time) for the project. In this context, the understanding and assessment of possible commonalities and synergies among the Building Block Elements and their associated technologies are of great importance to reduce the technical effort and costs. To secure a competitive position to the European Industry, timely decisions on enabling technology development needed for the post LEO exploration phase should be taken.
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