Externalities are a frequently discussed topic and as for transport they are mostly mentioned in the relation with the so-called harmonization of costs of particular means of transport. Although the problems of their internalization is very often mentioned and presented within the framework of transport policies (both national and European), in practise this problem remains unsolved. In this article I deal with the reasons why it is so. First it is the fact that the question of externalities is in fact a political question (same as deciding on public goods) where a conflict of particular participating persons or groups may play a big part. The other question is how to solve this problem. One possibility seems to be an introduction of the so-called purpose taxes whose profit is purposely bound onto financing a concrete public good or service. I deal with this problem as well. The economy of the environment studies economic consequences of human's activities on the environment and within economics it searches such a mechanism that would motivate production and consumption spheres for more considerate behaviour towards environment.
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