Graphene has attracted tremendous attention because of its extraordinary mechanical, thermal, chemical and optical properties as well as potential applications. However, little effort has been made to provide a deep insight into the fluorescent property of "small" graphene, which is also called GQDs. In theoretical and experimental studies, quantum confinement and edge effects of "small" graphene (less than 10 nm) have shown to induce photoluminescence (PL). Additionally, it has been demonstrated that the isolated polyaromatic structures and passivated surface defects also contribute to the fluorescence of GQDs.
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