Evaluation of integration of distributed generation and determination of its optimal location in the circuits of distribution networks of electricity, from a technical standpoint and economically

摘要

In an electric power system at the stage of planning is necessary to perform several simulations inorder to decide on the best options for enhancing or new projects that will be considered in theexpansion of the areas of generation, transmission and distribution. This selection is done through thedetermination of several indices that will observe the performance of systems under certain operatingconditions. Changes in values of these indexes will allow to establish differences between eachsimulated condition, and identify present some technical or economic benefit to the electrical system.The electric power systems, especially systems of distribution, are interested in the inclusion ofalternative sources of energy (distributed generation) in their electrical grids. To be able to includedistributed generation circuits is necessary to analyze the behavior of these networks from thestandpoint of safety, reliability, supervision and operation and also of the same generation units toprevent their deterioration by events in the grid. This paper details the results of analysis of theinsertion of distributed generation - DG, under the criterion of Virtual Power Center (integration ofindividual units DG), in distribution networks of utilities: Eletropaulo and Bandeirante Energia,considered as systems of great size, located in Sao Paulo-Brazil. The indices that were evaluated todecide the most appropriate location for the connection of DG in distribution networks of thecompanies mentioned were among others: voltage regulation, charging circuits, electrical losses,power factor, penetration level, reversing the direction of transfer circuits, coordination and selectivityof protection and connection costs. The objective of this research is to develop and disseminatepractical benchmarks and provide appropriate literature for the development of other work,considering the inclusion of DG and its optimal location in distribution networks of electric power.