Medicodosimetric register of the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises personnel as the basis for studying long-term effects of ionizing radiation at low doses

摘要

On the basis of the Seversk Biophysical Research Centre (SBRC) of the Russian FederalMedical and Biological Agency there has been created a Regional Medicodosimetric Register(RMDR) of the personnel of the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises (SGCE) to be the worldbiggest complex of atomic industry enterprises. The RMDR database accumulates information ofpersonnel, medical and dosimetric character, as well as the data on occupational activity of theworkers of the main SGCE productions, namely, reactor (RP), radiochemical (RC), and plutonium(PP) ones. Information on exogenous and endogenous risk factors (RF) for main diseases development(hereditary diseases, tobacco smoking, the level of psychoemotional overload etc.) is entered into theRMDR database. To evaluate the whole spectrum of stochastic effects of ionizing radiation (IR), both“traditional” and hypothetic ones, within RMDR there have been created such thematic registers as theregister of oncologic diseases; the register of congenital malformations and hereditary diseases; theregister of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI); the register of the thyroid gland diseases; the registerof osteoporosis.The RMDR database includes information on almost 65,600 SGCE employees to be dividedinto the following cohorts: RP workers exposed to external γ-radiation (8,102 persons); RC workerswith both external and internal dose loads (6,136 persons); PP workers exposed to internal radiationfrom incorporated ~(239)Pu (9,434 persons). At present the share of workers of the main SGCEproductions with a determined life status makes up 80%. The overwhelming majority of workers wereexposed to low-dose IR (87,9% of all SGCE personnel subjected to individual dosimetric monitoringhave cumulative dose of external radiation in the range 0,03-200 mSv).The RMDR structure provides for the possibility to perform analysis on both the criterion ofmortality and the one of morbidity. On the basis of RMDR a large-scale spectrum of research toevaluate the dynamics of sickness and death rate of personnel of various SGCE productions, to studythe role of radiation factor in pathogenesis of the most significant diseases (oncologic, cardiovascular,endocrine ones and others), to reveal the nature of correlation between IR and “traditional” risk factorsfor the main diseases development, is being performed. The works on dose reconstruction of externaland internal radiation are performed as well.