To error-proof the design process, tools such as Design Process Failure Modes and Effects Analysis and Project Quality Function Deployment mitigate risk through thorough understanding of both process-level errors that can occur and solution elements to mitigate them and the consequence of both their effects. However, the quantification of design errors and prioritization of other elements are complicated by the temporal and spatial distance of the decisions from the end-result. Project and resource planning would benefit from consistent measures of the project benefit and risk reduction potential of various solution elements. The paper explores the benefits and challenges of these traditional and new measures and concludes with a discussion into converting between the measures.
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