Springs at risk in Wadi Al Arroub near Hebron, Palestine

摘要

Al Arroub (pop.9,000) is situated on the flanks of the Wadi Al Arroub, midway between Bethlehem and Hebron. Agricultural and domestic water needs are dependent on the springs which discharge to the wadi. This water is contaminated with raw sewage and presents a serious health hazard. The spring water and wadi flow were field tested and subjected to detailed chemical and biological analyses through 1997 and 1998. The results of these analysis demonstrate the extent to which springs could have been contaminated by the sewage conduit and from other sources. BOD and COD increases downstream as do concentrations of sodium and chloride, due to evaporation. Concentrations of sulfate and nitrates decrease as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are lost, while nitrates and sulfates are absorbed by the flora within the conduit. The water from Haj Hamid and Ein Arroub should not be used for drinking unless treated. Ein Sowan's water can also become dangerous during the wettest parts of the rainy season. The main cause is the irresponsible disposal of sewage and of solid domestic wastes. Therefore, it is essential that enforceable legislation be enacted to protect this environment and the health of the inhabitants of Al Arroub.