The use of the solubility domain approach for the modeling of the hydroxide precipitation of lead from wastewater

摘要

One of the principal sources of heavy metal pollution is discharge from industrial operations. In response to this, industry has developed a number of specialized treatment processes for the removal of the heavy metals prior to their discharge into the environment~1. Of all such processes, heavy metal hydroxide precipitation is the most commonly employed due to its low cost and simplicity. This involves the addition of a suitable base to the influent stream such that the heavy metals are immobilized as their respective "hydroxides".