73 Vanadium removal from petroleum refinery wastewater

摘要

Although a numerical effluent limit has not been proposed for vanadium, San Francisco Bay Area refieneries have been investigating reasonable source control and treatment measures to limit the discharge of vanadium as part of their National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit requirements because vanadium may controibute to aquatic toxicity.~(1, 2) The NPDES permit issued for the Shell Martinez Manufacturing Complex (MMC) by the Regional Water Quality Control Board (CRWQCB) required that in the investigation of control strategies for vanadium, consideration must be given to source control measures the would reduce the discharge to the extent practicable.~3