Impact of Anthropogenical Activity on the Chemical Degradation Process of Soils

摘要

Liming of acid soils is the basic means of increasing of soil fertility. It was established that intensive liming speeding-up the leaching of nutritious matter in the sub-soil. Acidification process of soils without liming occurred more intensive with comparison with non-liming soils. Results of the field experiments carried out in Lithuanian Institute of agriculture during 1988 to 1998 showed that in the absence of liming the soil acidification occurred at the rate of decrease in 0.1 pH units during every year. As the results of this process there was an increase in the contents of elements such as Al, Zn and Cu and decrease in the amount of bases in the soil. It was established that 10 years after liming the soil pH decreased from 5.4 to 4.4 with concomitant increase in soil acidity. Acidification of soil in the first five year was not so intensive, the pH decrease by about 0.2 units. Acidification was more intensive during the last five years period and the pH decreased by 0.4 to 0.6 units. Correlation relation between soil reaction and amount of nutritious mater was strong in most cases.