Land Degradation by Erosion and Its Control in Romania

摘要

About 43% (6.4 million ha) of the 14.963 million hectares of agricultural fields is sloping land with erosion potential. Cropland ranges 2.572 million hectares (26% from arable land). Most of the pastures and vineyards are laying out on sloping land (1). In terms of sediment yield from Romanian agricultural land estimates amount to 106.6 million tons per year. Cropland, grazing land and unproductive land enter this amount with 81.6%. Sediment derived from surface and gully erosion average 72.6% of this amount (2,3). The average erosion rate in Romania was estimated at 16.28 t/(ha · year). The total agricultural surface protected by conservation measures till 1990 was about 2.1 million hectares that represents one third from the fields with erosion potential.