Methods for Comparative Assessment ofActive and Passive Safety Systems with respect to Reliability, Uncertainty,Economy, and Flexibility

摘要

Passive systems have characteristics of a high level of uncertainty and low driving force forrnpurposes of heat removal phenomena. These characteristics of passive systems can result in increasingrnsystem unreliability and may raise potential remedial costs during a system's lifetime. This studyrnpresents a comprehensive comparison of reliability and cost taking into account uncertainties andrnintroduces the concept of flexibility using the example of active and passive residual heat removalrnsystems in a PWR. The results show that the active system can have, for this particular application,rngreater reliability than the passive system. In addition, considering the implications of flexibility uponrnremedial costs, the active system may more economical than the passive system.