Protecting the Cradle of the Human Life-Research on the Method of Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Marine Pollution in China

摘要

The ecology of marine is of extreme important towards the basic national benefit. In order to practice the Scientific Outlook on Development, omnidirectional and stereoscopic system for comprehensive prevention and control of marine pollution is urgently needed in China. In order to bring forward the thought and provide some references to establish the system for preventing and controlling marine pollution, which could ensure the sustainable development of ecology, social harmony and economic equilibrium as well as especially suitable for China, this article will reveal the current situation of legal system and policy framework for preventing and controlling marine pollution in China, and analyze the method of comprehensive prevention and control of marine pollution in China that combined with the characteristic of prevention and control of marine pollution. Based on government-oriented, social participation, overall planning, highlighting the priorities, implementing systematically and classification control should be taken as the fundamental strategies. In practical terms, the legal safeguard, the administrative guarantee, the economic security as well as the technology and talents guaranteeing mechanism should be involved. Firstly, in the legal safeguard, it should focus on the integrity and coordination of legislation, the unity of law enforcement and introducing public interest litigation into administration of justice as well. Besides that, the legislation for public participation in the whole process of prevention and control of marine pollution and the expert supporting mechanism should be established and perfected. Secondly, the authors advocate that the administrative guarantee should urgent to take State Environmental Protection Administration turn into Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China as an opportunity, and carry out structural reform, balance the rights and interests of each department, innovate and establish a scientific system for evaluating government performance, as well as solve the problem such as specialization and coordination. Thirdly, in the economic security, China should make full use of market mechanism, straightening up the pricing systeM of marine resources, building the ecological compensation mechanism of marine and begin to levy tax on ecology as well. Fourthly, in the technology and talents guaranteeing mechanism, China should establish and perfect the Basic-style Education, Vocational-based Education and Research-based Education. Moreover, the technology service platform and the public service system in China should be improved.