In this paper, we describe various watermarking techniques for secure user verification in the remote, multimodal biometric systems employing both fingerprint and face information, and compare their effects on user verification and watermark detection accuracies quantitatively. To evaluate the performance of watermarking for multimodal biometric systems, we first consider possible two scenarios - embedding facial features into a fingerprint image and embedding fingerprint features into a facial image. Additionally, to evaluate the performance of dual watermarking for secure biometric systems, we consider another two scenarios - with/without considering the characteristics of the fingerprint in embedding the dual watermark. Based on the experimental results, we confirm that embedding fingerprint features into a facial image can provide superior performance in terms of the user verification accuracy. Also, the dual watermarking with considering the characteristics of the fingerprint in embedding the dual watermark can provide superior performance in terms of the watermark detection accuracy.
展开▼
