Types of Progressive Failures by External Force Condition and Their Failure Mechanism

摘要

We show the two types of a progressive failure by strain energy, U: strain energy released and accumulated propagations. We also have clarified the failure mechanism of strain energy accumulated propagation by model tests and theoretical examination of a simple model. As a result, we have been able to show that the external force condition classifies the strain energy accumulated propagation into the two types: forced and self-excited propagations. Only forced propagation occurs in soft ground, but both forced and self-excited propagations occur in hard ground. Verification tests have shown the validity of most of the examination results.