Recent Speciation of Cyprinid Fishes in East Asia Revealed by Molecular Phylogenetics

摘要

With an estimated 2,420 species in approximately 220 genera,the family Cyprinidaeis the largest freshwater fish family in the world.Cyprinidae exhibit maximal diversity in Asiatic waters,and comprise the bulk of East Asian freshwater fish fauna.The evolutionary history of East Asian cyprinid fishes has been investigated with traditional morphological studies,but conflicting classifications have emerged.We reconstructed the phylogeny of cyprinid fishes in Eastern Asia using molecular data.In addition,we estimated divergence dates of East Asian cyprinids using relaxed clock methods.We used molecular phylogenies to examine a higher-level phylogenetic framework,and found strong support for several monophyletic groups within the Cyprinidae family.Importantly,the molecular phylogenies revealed the monophyly of the East Asian endemic cyprinid group,with strong support from both posterior probabilities and bootstrap values.Estimates of divergence dates suggested that diversification of the main clades of Cyprinidae in East Asia occurred between the mid-Oligocene and late Miocene,and that the main radiation within the East Asian endemic cyprinid group occurred 9-3 million years ago,a period consistent with the evolution of East Asian Monsoons brought on by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.