Flex-Fuel Testing of the Ultra-Clean Process for the Control ofSulfur, Halide, and Mercury Compounds in Coal Gasification Gases

摘要

The Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation (SWPC) and the Gas Technology Institutern(GTI) are developing a novel "Ultra-Clean Process" to control sulfur species, halides, mercury,rnand particulates in syngases generated through gasification of carbonaceous feedstocks tornmeet very stringent cleaning requirements for chemical or liquid fuel synthesis applications, orrnfor fuel cell power generation. The Ultra-Clean Process is a dry process in which fine sulfur,rnhalide, and mercury sorbent particles are injected into two stages of "barrier filter-reactors",rncoupling efficient particle capture with an effective entrained and filter cake reactionrnenvironment. The process performance goal is to remove sulfur species to less than 60 ppbv,rnhalides to less than 10 ppbv, mercury to less than 0.01 ppbv (or > 99% removal), andrnparticulates to less than 0.1 ppmw. Optimum operating conditions (temperature, sorbentrnmaterials, sorbent/contaminant ratios, etc.) have been estimated based on extensive laboratoryrnwork and conceptual performance evaluations. Extensive commercial process evaluations havernshown the technical feasibility and commercial merit for the Ultra-Clean Process compared tornconventional, Rectisol-based syngas cleaning.rnBased on the encouraging laboratory-scale test results as well as technical and economicrnfeasibility studies, SWPC/GTI are now conducting a bench-scale demonstration of the Ultra-rnClean Process performance, using a newly constructed GTI "Flex-Fuel" gasifier capable ofrnprocessing 9 tonnes/day (10 tons/day) of coal. This paper provides a brief overview of processrndevelopment activities and describes the test facility, sampling and analytical measurementrnprocedures, and scope and approach of planned testing campaigns. Additional processrndevelopment activities, to be conducted following successful completion of the planned pilotscalerntests, are also described.rnNatural gas is the premium fuel for industrial chemical synthesis applications due largely to itsrncheaper, simpler gas cleaning requirements compared to coal. Coal will be competitive withrnnatural gas in advanced, near-zero emissions, and efficient energy plants only if new, morerneffective and cheaper coal-syngas cleaning technologies are developed. The Ultra-CleanrnProcess shows high potential to meet this need.