Chemical Elements and their Source Apportionment of Fine Particulates (PM2.5) in Shanghai Atmosphere

摘要

PM2.5 was collected at Shanghai urban and suburban sites from April 2005 to March 2006. ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrum) was used to investigate mass concentration of 17 elements (K、Na、Ca、Mg 、As、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、Al、Fe、Mn、Ba、Sr、Ni、 Se) in whole sample and soluble fraction of Shanghai PM2.5. Our results claimed total elements in Shanghai PM2.5 increased gradually from summer to winter and kept in a relative higher level in spring. Mass dosage of different elements in PM2.5 had a significant difference. Enrichment factor (EF) analysis results demonstrated that K、Na、Ca、Mg、Al、Fe、Ba、Sr originated from natural resources, while As、Cu、Zn、Pb 、Cd 、Mn、Ni、Se emitted by anthropogenic resources. Rotated Component Matrix study testified that there exists a strong relationship among Ca、Fe、Mn、Ba, suggesting these elements originated from crustal resources. Anthropogenic polluted elements, such as Zn and Pb have a close relationship, indicating they have the same resource. As in Shanghai PM2.5 might have one single resource, it needs further study.