Lead, cadmium, zinc and copper bioavailability in the soil-plant-animal system in a polluted area

摘要

The connection between the total quantity and the mobile forms of Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu in soils with different level of contamination, and the transition of these metals into rapeseed and their assimilation by rabbits, fed with a food that consists mainly of rapeseed, were studied. It was established that the uptake of heavy metals by the rapeseed has definitely a selective character, as the affinity towards Zn is most strongly expressed. The accumulation of Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu in the organs of the rapeseed occurred in the following order: inflorescences>leaves>stems. A direct connection between the quantity of the mobile forms and their accumulation in the plants was not found. The environmental contamination has a significant effect on heavy metal levels and distribution, as the largest quantity of all four elements was accumulated in the kidneys and liver. There was found a well expressed impact of the level of Cd contamination on the uptake of essential trace metals (Zn and Cu) and their accumulation into some of the organs of the animals.