Advances and Challenges in Multivalent Chemistries for Energy Storage

摘要

TE Modeling assumptions: 1.Cycle life = 1000 cycles 2. Excess MV metal limited to 50% 3. Electrolyte volume: lean condition 4. Energy accessible at C/5 & 25℃ 5. Electrode loading to 20 mg/cm2 a. Can Mg-ion have appreciable transport in solid-state oxides? 1) To date: limited known working cathodes (low voltage -1.1 V vs Mg/Mg~(2+)), e.g., Mo_6S_8· b. Can electrolytes have wide electrochemical operating window? 1)< 4 V vs Mg/Mg~(2+) and retain efficient plating/stripping 1. Yes, Mobility energy barrier can be low for Mg 2. Electrochemical Mg removal at high voltage is possible 3. Some evidence of reversibility is possible seen 4. E_a is not be the complete story: more to it than energy barrier 5. Interfacial transport, kinetics, and stability remain a challenge.